Coding - Decoding

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Coding – Decoding:

The encoding of a message is the production of the message. It is a system of coded meanings, and in order to create that, the sender needs to understand how the world is comprehensible to the members of the audience. ... The decoding of a message is how an audience member is able to understand, and interpret the message.

         In competitive exams mainly four types of questions are asked , they are 

1.Letter coding

2..Number coding

3. Subtituion coding

4.Mixed coding and mixed number coding.

   To solve coding decoding questions we must have idea on Alphabetical order ie

Ascending order coding:

A	B	C	D	E	F	G	H	I	J	K	L	M	N	O	P	Q	R	S	T
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20

U	V	W	X	Y	Z
21	22	23	24	25	26

Descending Order Coding:

A	B	C	D	E	F	G	H	I	J	K	L	M	N	O	P	Q	R	S	T
26	25	24	23	22	21	20	19	18	17	16	15	14	13	12	11	10	9	8	7

U	V	W	X	Y	Z
21	22	23	24	25	26

Reverse Order Coding:

A

B

C

D

E

F

G

H

I

J

K

L

M

Z

Y

X

W

V

U

T

S

R

Q

P

O

N

               

Solved questions :

1.In a code language , CAT can coded as DBU , then DOG can be written as ?

A.EPG

B.ENJ

C.EPH

D.ENH

Aswer: EPH

     C – D

     A - B

     T - U

In this code next letter of alphabet replaced ,hence DOG – EPH.

2. In a certain code ‘MONARCHY’ is written as ‘NPOBSDIZ’. How will ‘STANDARD’ be written in that code?

Solution:

In this question, each letter of ‘MONARCHY’ is simply replaced by its next letter as per English Alphabet.

M + 1 = N;

O + 1 = P;

N + 1 = O;

A + 1 = B;

R + 1 = S;

C + 1 = D;

H + 1 = I;

Y + 1 = Z.

Based on similar pattern, code for ‘STANDARD’ is ‘TUBOEBSE’.

3.In a certain code ‘CAMPHOR’ is written as ‘6$3#152’ and ‘SAKE’ is written as ‘@$98’. How is ‘MORSE’ written in that code language?

Solution and Steps Involved:

1. Write down letters and codes corresponding to their position.

2. Check common letters in given words and their codes.

3. If the common letter has same code each time, highlight the letters that are part of the word that has been asked in the question.

C → 6	S → @
A → $	A → $
M → 3	K → 9
P → #	E → 8
H → 1
O → 5
R → 2

4. Rewrite the word in the question and corresponding codes below each letter. (Remember here order of letters will matter.)

M         O         R         S          E

3          5          2          @        8

Hence, the code for ‘MORSE’ is ‘352@8’.

4. If EODGH is the code for BLADE, what is the code for CRICKET?

Solution: FULFNHW

As,

Similarly

5. In a certain code DELHI is written as CDKGH. How is SUSPECT written in code?

Solution: Clearly, we can see that each letter of the word DELHI is moved one step backward to obtain the code.

Similarly, SUSPECT will be coded as RTRODBS.

6. If D = 4 and COVER = 63, then BASIS = ?

Solution: Clearly, in the given code, A = 1, B = 2, C = 3, ….. so that

COVER = 3 + 15 + 22 + 5 + 18 = 63

∴ BASIS = 2 + 1 + 19 + 9 + 19 = 50.

7. In a certain code, 15789 is written as XTZAL and 2346 is written as NPSU. How is 23549 written in the code?

Solution:

and

So,

∴  23549 can be written in code as NPTSL.

8.  If wall is called window, window is called door, door is called floor, floor is called roof and roof is called ventilator, what will a person stand on?

1.  Door

2.  Ventilator

3.  Roof

4.  Floor

Solution: Since a person stands on the floor and in the given code language floor is called roof.

Hence, roof will be correct answer.

9. In a certain code 'MISSIONS' is written as 'MSIISNOS'. How is 'ONLINE' written in that code?

1. OLNNIE

2. ONILEN

3. NOILEN

4. LNOENI

5. ONNLIE

Answer & Explanation

Sol: Option 1
Explanation: First and last letter remain same. The others interchange their positions in pair of two. So, NL become LN IN become NI so code of ONLINE will be OLNNIE

10. In a certain code, TELEPHONE is written as ENOHPELET. How is ALIGATOR written in that code?

A.ROTAGILA                                                B.ROTAGAIL

C.ROTAGILE                                                     D.ROTEGILA

E.None of these

Correct Option: A

The letters of the word are written in a reverse order to obtain the code.

11.If Z=52 , and CAT = 48 ,then BAT will be equal to

A.43

B.46

C.44

D.45

Ans: B.46

We know Z=26*2 = 52

               CAT = C+A+T = 3+1+20 = 24*2 = 48

Then BAT = 2+1+20 = 23*2 = 46.

12.if  HEALTH is coded as 5 and BEAUTIFUL coded as 8 then ARROW can be coded as

A.4

B.5

C.6

D.7

Ans: A.4

  HEALTH = 6( letters count) – 1 = 5

 BEAUTIFUL= 9 – 1 =8

 ARROW = 5 – 1 = 4.

13. In a certain code, '786' means 'study very hard', '958' means 'hard work pays' and '645' means 'study and work'.
Which of the following is the code for 'very' ?

A. 8

B. 6

C. 7

D. Can't be determined

E. None of these

 Answer: C . 7 

 Justification:

In the first and second statement, the common word is 'hard' and the common code digit is '8'.
So, '8' means 'hard'.
In the first and third statements, the common word is 'study' and the common code digit is '6'.
So, '6' means 'study'.
Thus, in the first statement, '7' means 'very'.
Hence, the answer is (c).

14. In a certain code, 'ile be pee' means 'roses are blue'; 'sik hee' means 'red flowers' and 'pee mit hee' means 'flowers are vegetables'.

How is 'roses' written in that code ?

 Option:

A. il

B. pee

C. be

D. Cannot be determined

E. None of these

 Answer: D . Cannot be determined 

 Justification:

Since from the given information, we can only find the code for 'are' in the first statement, it cannot be determined which of the remaining two codes for 'roses'.

15. In a certain code language,
(A) 'mxy das zci' means 'good little frock';
(B) 'jmx cos zci' means 'girl behaves good';
(C) 'nvg drs cos' means 'girl makes mischief';
(D) 'das ajp cos' means 'little girl fell'.

Which word in that language stands for 'frock' ? 

 Option:

A. zci

B. das

C. nvg

D. ajp

E. None of these

Ans:E

In statements A and B the common code word is'zci' and the common word is 'good'.
So, 'zci' stands for 'good'.
In statements A and D, the common code word is 'das' and the common word is 'little'.
So, 'das' stands for 'little'.
So, in (A), 'mxy' means 'frock'.